linux下搭建nginx+php(FastCGI)+mysql运行环境

作者：网络医生发布于：2012-4-13 12:32 Friday 分类：Linux技术

一、安装环境

1、CentOS5.5

2、php5.4

3、MySQL5.5.19

二、安装程序依赖库和开发环境

为了省事把所需要的库文件全都安装上，可以使用rpm包安装，也可以用yum命令安装，

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers

#nginx所需要的库文件件

yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel

#PHP依赖的库文件

yum -y install gd-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel freetype-devel libxml2-devel curl-devel freetype-devel

三、安装步骤

1、安装mysql5 参考之前的文章：

http://www.num123.com/post/108

2、安装PHP

注：php在5.3.3以后的版本都已经集成了php-fpm,不需要在打php的fastcgi里程管理器补丁了。

#安装库文件

tar zxvf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.14
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make && make install

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
./configure
make && make install
/sbin/ldconfig
cd libltdl
./configure --enable-ltdl-install
make && make install

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz 
cd mhash-0.9.9.9/ 
./configure
make && make install

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1
ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config

tar -zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz 
cd mcrypt-2.6.8/
/sbin/ldconfig
./configure
make && make install

mkdir -p /home/webserver/php5.4
tar zxvf php-5.4.0.tar.gz
cd php-5.4.0.tar.gz
./configure --prefix=/home/webserver/php5.4 \
--with-config-file-path=/etc \
--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/ --with-freetype-dir \
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \
--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \
--with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib \
--with-mhash --enable-sockets --enable-ftp \
--with-libxml-dir --enable-xml --disable-rpath \
--enable-bcmath \
--enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem \
--enable-inline-optimization --with-curl \
--with-curlwrappers \
--enable-mbregex \
--enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd \
--enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash \
--enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl \
--enable-fpm \
--with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap \
--without-pear 
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
make install
cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini

vi /etc/php.ini

修改为cgi.fix_pathinfo=0，防止Nginx文件类型错误解析漏洞。

#在编译的时候有可能会出去mysqlclient库找不到之类的问题，加上下面两行即可

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so /usr/lib/

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18

#7 更改php-pfm配置文件

创建用户nginx且属于www组

groupadd www

useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M nginx -g www

cd /home/webserver/php5.4/etc/

mv php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf

vi php-fpm.conf

根据需要调整参数：

pid = run/php-fpm.pid

user = nginx
group = www
pm.max_children = 300
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 40
pm.max_spare_servers = 60
pm.max_requests = 3000

#检查php-fpm配置语法是否正确
/home/webserver/php5.4/sbin/php-fpm -t
#出现NOTICE: configuration file /home/webserver/php5.4/etc/php-fpm.conf test is successful 测试成功
#启动php-fpm并在后台运行
/home/webserver/php5.4/sbin/php-fpm &
#设置开机启动
vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
#在行末加入
/home/webserver/php5.4/sbin/php-fpm &

PHP5.3.3以上版本的php-fpm重启、停止命令已经不是php-fpm start|stop|reload了，需要使用信号控制：

master进程可以理解以下信号
INT, TERM 立刻终止
QUIT 平滑终止
USR1 重新打开日志文件
USR2 平滑重载所有worker进程并重新载入配置和二进制模块
示例：
php-fpm 关闭：
kill -INT `cat /home/webserver/php5.4/var/run/php-fpm.pid`
php-fpm 重启：
kill -USR2 `cat /home/webserver/php5.4/var/run/php-fpm.pid`
我们也可以不用cat /home/webserver/php5.4/var/run/php-fpm.pid来查看主进程号，面通过ps -eaf命令来查看主进程号
查看php-fpm进程总数：
ps -A | grep php-fpm |wc -l

3、安装nginx

#安装PCRE,perl兼容的正则表达式

tar zxvf pcre-8.21.tar.gz

cd pcre-8.21

./configure

make && make install

#安装nginx

tar zxvf nginx-1.0.14.tar.gz

cd nginx-1.0.14

./configure --user=nginx --group=www \
--prefix=/home/webserver/nginx1.0.14 \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-pcre \
--with-http_flv_module

#检测配置文件
/home/webserver/nginx1.0.14/sbin/nginx -t
#出现以下提示表示成功
#nginx: the configuration file /home/webserver/nginx1.0.14/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
#nginx: configuration file /home/webserver/nginx1.0.14/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
#开启Nginx
/home/webserver/nginx1.0.14/sbin/nginx
#平滑重启Nginx
/home/webserver/nginx1.0.14/sbin/nginx -s reload
#添加开机启动
vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
#最后移行加入
/home/webserver/nginx1.0.14/sbin/nginx

#####nginx.conf文件配置示例###########

user nginx www;
worker_processes 10;

worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 3000;
}

http
{
include       mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 8m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush     on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;

fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers     4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;

server
{
    listen    80;
    #server_name www.num123.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root html;

location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
    {
      fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
      fastcgi_index index.php;
      include fastcgi.conf;
    }
   location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
    {
      expires      1d;
    }
    location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
    {
      expires      1h;
    }
    access_log off;
}

}